Bacterial, Fungal, & Inclusion Body Stains
Bacterial Stains from Rowley Biochemical are designed to detect the presence of bacteria. Stain selectivity includes acid-fast bacilli and other organisms, Gram positive and negative bacteria, amoebae, spirochetes, and Donovan bodies. A buffered neutral formalin fixative is typically employed. Common bacterial staining solutions are Ziehl-Neelsen Carbol Fuchsin, Kinyoun’s Carbol Fuchsin, Weigert’s Iron Hematoxylin, Van Gieson Staining Solution, Crystal Violet (and Crystal Violet Hucker’s) Staining Solution, Gram’s Iodine, and Harris’ Hematoxylin.
A variety of stains are available for determining the presence of fungi. Among the fungal stains, selectivity includes fungal mycelia and conidia, mucin, Rickettsia, and nuclei. Typical fixatives include buffered neutral formalin or Zenker’s Fixative. The most common fungal staining solutions are Coleman’s Feulgen with Metanil Yellow, Light Green Solution, Weigert’s Iron Hematoxylin, and Giemsa Solution with Lugol’s or Gram’s Iodine.
Inclusion Body Stains are selective toward inclusion bodies, erythrocytes, plasma, collagen, squamous epithelium, connective or elastic tissue, muscle, keratin, and nuclei. Buffered Neutral Formalin and Zenker’s are the preferred fixatives. Common staining reagents include Mayer’s Hematoxylin, Scott’s Water Solution, Lugol’s or Gram’s Iodine, and Harris Hematoxylin.
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Blood Stains & Stains for Hematologic Elements
Blood Stains and Stains for Hematologic Elements include common procedures such as Giemsa Thin or Thick Film Staining and Puchtlers’ Methods. Expected stain selectivity includes differentiation of blood corpuscles or leucocytes, Rickettsia, bacteria, inclusion bodies, malarial parasites, bacteria, Heinz bodies, reticulocytes, hemoglobin, and nuclei.
While no fixatives are often required, buffered neutral formalin is the most common fixative for blood stains. Zenker’s or methanol are other choices.
Popular reagents for blood and hematologic element staining include Wright Staining Solution, Giemsa Thin or Thick Film Staining Solution, Phloxine B, Hemalum, Gram’s or Lugol’s Iodine, Fouchet’s Reagent, Van Gieson’s Solution, Nuclear Fast Red (Kernechtrot Solution), and Mayer’s Hematoxylin.
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Bone & Calcium Stains
Stains for bones and calcium are generally red, for example Nuclear Fast Red and Alizarin Red S. Mayer’s Hematoxylin is also used. These stains are selective toward bones, teeth, and various calcium deposits and compounds. Alcohol and formalin are most commonly chosen for fixatives; in some cases decalcification fluids are recommended.
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Bone Marrow Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Carbohydrate & Mucosubstance Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Connective Tissue Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Cytoplasmic Granule Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Fat & Lipid Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Mineral & Pigment Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Neurological Tissue Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Nuclear Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Papanicolaou Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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General Tissue Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Miscellaneous Stains
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Fixing Fluids
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Clearing, Mounting & Dehydrating Agents, Embedding Materials
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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Dye Powders
Bone marrow staining normally involves May-Grunwald, Jenner, or Giemsa staining solutions. Eosin Y, Azure II, and Mayer’s Hematoxylin are also used. Selectivity reveals morphological details such as marrow cells, nuclei, and bacteria. Methanol or Zenker’s Solution are the common bone marrow stain fixatives.
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